Buccal Swab
A sample of cells collected from the inside of the cheek, used for DNA testing and identification.
A sample of cells scraped or swabbed from the inner lining of the mouth (buccal mucosa) to obtain DNA for genetic testing, ancestry analysis, or forensic identification. It is a non-invasive collection method commonly used in medical research, paternity testing, and criminal investigations.
What this means in real life
When someone orders a home ancestry DNA kit, they typically receive a small brush to swab the inside of their cheek for 30 seconds, seal it in a tube, and mail it to the lab—no blood draw needed.
What it isn’t
It is not a saliva sample, though saliva may be present. A true buccal swab specifically targets cells from the cheek lining itself, which contain more DNA than saliva alone and are more stable for testing.
Commonly misused online
People often use 'buccal swab' and 'saliva test' interchangeably online, but buccal swabs collect cheek cells, not just spit. The distinction matters for accuracy in forensic and medical contexts.